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格物致知,出自《礼记·大学》:”致知在格物,物格而后知至”,意思是探究事物原理而从中获得智慧或从中感悟到某种心得。

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由于历史原因,国际化的文字常常由于语言或者国家的原因使用不同的编码。为了解决这种混乱,Unicode的编码方式被建立。Unicode是一种超级编码包含了所有这些编码的字符集,因此一些新的文本格式像XML的默认编码方式就是Unicode。

一、基础

      supervisor是一个客户/服务器系统,它可以在类Unix系统中管理控制大量进程。它使用python开发,有多年历史,目前很多生产环境下的服务器都在使用supervisor。

      supervisor的服务器端称为supervisord,主要负责在启动自身时启动管理的子进程,响应客户端的命令,重启崩溃或退出的子进程,记录子进程stdout和stderr输出,生成和处理子进程生命周期中的事件。可以在一个配置文件中配置相关参数,包括supervisord自身的状态,其管理的各个子进程的相关属性。

      supervisor的客户端称为supervisorctl,它提供了一个类shell的接口来使用supervisord服务端提供的功能。通过supervisorctl,用户可以连接到supervisord服务器进程,获得服务器进程控制的子进程的状态,启动和停止子进程,获得正在运行的进程列表。客户端通过Unix域套接字或者TCP套接字与服务端进行通信,服务器端具有身份凭证认证机制,可以有效提升安全性。当客户端和服务器位于同一台机器上时,客户端与服务器共用同一个配置文s件/etc/supervisord.conf,通过不同标签来区分两者的配置。

      另外,supervisor也提供了一个web页面来查看和管理进程状态。

常用命令:

  1. supervisorctl status
  2. supervisorctl start laravel-queue-worker #启动laravel-queue-worker
  3. supervisorctl stop laravel-queue-worker #停止laravel-queue-worker
  4. supervisorctl restart laravel-queue-worker # 重启laravel-queue-worker
  5. supervisorctl update # 配置文件修改后可以使用该命令加载新的配置
  6. supervisorctl reload # 重新启动配置中的所有程序
  7. supervisorctl -u user -p 123 status

二、使用(Mac)

  1. 使用brew安装:brew install supervisor
    • 默认配置文件:/usr/local/etc/supervisord.conf
  2. 查看安装是否成功:echo_supervisord_conf
  3. 切换到配置目录:cd /usr/local/etc/
  4. tail supervisord.conf,可看到:files = /usr/local/etc/supervisor.d/*.ini
  5. 创建文件夹:mkdir supervisor.d,可以放多个配置
  6. 编辑supervisord.conf文件,打开[inet_http_server]的注释(即删掉前面的分号)
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[inet_http_server]         ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface
username=user ; default is no username (open server)
password=123 ; default is no password (open server)
  1. cd supervisor.d
  2. vim laravel.ini
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[program:laravel-queue-worker] ;唯一标识,不能重复 

process_name=%(program_name)s_%(process_num)02d ;指定进程的命名规则:foo_00,foo_01...

command=php /your_path/artisan queue:work --sleep=3 --tries=3 ;必填参数,程序启动后执行的命令(绝对/相对),受控的程序本身不应该是守护程序

autostart=true ;Supervisor启动时自动启动该程序

autorestart=true ;指定进程挂掉时supervisor自动重启进程

user=wangkaikai ;指定运行进程使用的用户,需要Supervisor以root用户运行。使用setuid切换用户,不会启动shell程序和改变环境变量

numprocs=8 ;运行和监控的进程数量,进程位于laravel-worker组内,指定该值需同时设置process_name包含%(process_num)s

redirect_stderr=true ;将标准错误输出stderr重定向到stdout标准输出

stdout_logfile=/your_path/queue-worker.log ;将进程的stdout标准输出写入文件中,设为NONE不会创建任何日志文件。
  1. ps -ef|grep supervisord

    • /www/server/panel/pyenv/bin/python /www/server/panel/pyenv/bin/supervisord -c /etc/supervisor/supervisord.conf
  2. 常见错误

    • unix:///usr/local/var/run/supervisor.sock no such file
    • supervisor: couldn’t setuid to 0: Can’t drop privilege as nonroot user

三、使用(Linux+宝塔)

  1. 安装
    • 登录宝塔
    • 软件商店
    • 搜索supervisor,找到后点击安装
  2. 使用
    • 点击设置
    • 添加守护进程
    • 添加守护进程
  3. 主配置文件
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; Sample supervisor config file.
;
; For more information on the config file, please see:
; http://supervisord.org/configuration.html
;
; Notes:
; - Shell expansion ("~" or "$HOME") is not supported. Environment
; variables can be expanded using this syntax: "%(ENV_HOME)s".
; - Quotes around values are not supported, except in the case of
; the environment= options as shown below.
; - Comments must have a leading space: "a=b ;comment" not "a=b;comment".
; - Command will be truncated if it looks like a config file comment, e.g.
; "command=bash -c 'foo ; bar'" will truncate to "command=bash -c 'foo ".
;
; Warning:
; Paths throughout this example file use /tmp because it is available on most
; systems. You will likely need to change these to locations more appropriate
; for your system. Some systems periodically delete older files in /tmp.
; Notably, if the socket file defined in the [unix_http_server] section below
; is deleted, supervisorctl will be unable to connect to supervisord.

[unix_http_server]
file=/var/run/supervisor.sock ; the path to the socket file
;chmod=0700 ; socket file mode (default 0700)
;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket file uid:gid owner
;username=user ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123 ; default is no password (open server)

; Security Warning:
; The inet HTTP server is not enabled by default. The inet HTTP server is
; enabled by uncommenting the [inet_http_server] section below. The inet
; HTTP server is intended for use within a trusted environment only. It
; should only be bound to localhost or only accessible from within an
; isolated, trusted network. The inet HTTP server does not support any
; form of encryption. The inet HTTP server does not use authentication
; by default (see the username= and password= options to add authentication).
; Never expose the inet HTTP server to the public internet.

;[inet_http_server] ; inet (TCP) server disabled by default
;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; ip_address:port specifier, *:port for all iface
;username=user ; default is no username (open server)
;password=123 ; default is no password (open server)

[supervisord]
logfile=/var/log/supervisord.log ; main log file; default $CWD/supervisord.log
logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; max main logfile bytes b4 rotation; default 50MB
logfile_backups=10 ; # of main logfile backups; 0 means none, default 10
loglevel=info ; log level; default info; others: debug,warn,trace
pidfile=/var/run/supervisord.pid ; supervisord pidfile; default supervisord.pid
nodaemon=false ; start in foreground if true; default false
silent=false ; no logs to stdout if true; default false
minfds=1024 ; min. avail startup file descriptors; default 1024
minprocs=200 ; min. avail process descriptors;default 200
;umask=022 ; process file creation umask; default 022
;user=supervisord ; setuid to this UNIX account at startup; recommended if root
;identifier=supervisor ; supervisord identifier, default is 'supervisor'
;directory=/tmp ; default is not to cd during start
;nocleanup=true ; don't clean up tempfiles at start; default false
;childlogdir=/tmp ; 'AUTO' child log dir, default $TEMP
;environment=KEY="value" ; key value pairs to add to environment
;strip_ansi=false ; strip ansi escape codes in logs; def. false

; The rpcinterface:supervisor section must remain in the config file for
; RPC (supervisorctl/web interface) to work. Additional interfaces may be
; added by defining them in separate [rpcinterface:x] sections.

[rpcinterface:supervisor]
supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface

; The supervisorctl section configures how supervisorctl will connect to
; supervisord. configure it match the settings in either the unix_http_server
; or inet_http_server section.

[supervisorctl]
serverurl=unix:///var/run/supervisor.sock ; use a unix:// URL for a unix socket
;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; use an http:// url to specify an inet socket
;username=chris ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;password=123 ; should be same as in [*_http_server] if set
;prompt=mysupervisor ; cmd line prompt (default "supervisor")
;history_file=~/.sc_history ; use readline history if available

; The sample program section below shows all possible program subsection values.
; Create one or more 'real' program: sections to be able to control them under
; supervisor.

;[program:theprogramname]
;command=/bin/cat ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; when to restart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=true ; redirect proc stderr to stdout (default false)
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stdout_syslog=false ; send stdout to syslog with process name (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_capture_maxbytes=1MB ; number of bytes in 'capturemode' (default 0)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;stderr_syslog=false ; send stderr to syslog with process name (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions (def no adds)
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample eventlistener section below shows all possible eventlistener
; subsection values. Create one or more 'real' eventlistener: sections to be
; able to handle event notifications sent by supervisord.

;[eventlistener:theeventlistenername]
;command=/bin/eventlistener ; the program (relative uses PATH, can take args)
;process_name=%(program_name)s ; process_name expr (default %(program_name)s)
;numprocs=1 ; number of processes copies to start (def 1)
;events=EVENT ; event notif. types to subscribe to (req'd)
;buffer_size=10 ; event buffer queue size (default 10)
;directory=/tmp ; directory to cwd to before exec (def no cwd)
;umask=022 ; umask for process (default None)
;priority=-1 ; the relative start priority (default -1)
;autostart=true ; start at supervisord start (default: true)
;startsecs=1 ; # of secs prog must stay up to be running (def. 1)
;startretries=3 ; max # of serial start failures when starting (default 3)
;autorestart=unexpected ; autorestart if exited after running (def: unexpected)
;exitcodes=0 ; 'expected' exit codes used with autorestart (default 0)
;stopsignal=QUIT ; signal used to kill process (default TERM)
;stopwaitsecs=10 ; max num secs to wait b4 SIGKILL (default 10)
;stopasgroup=false ; send stop signal to the UNIX process group (default false)
;killasgroup=false ; SIGKILL the UNIX process group (def false)
;user=chrism ; setuid to this UNIX account to run the program
;redirect_stderr=false ; redirect_stderr=true is not allowed for eventlisteners
;stdout_logfile=/a/path ; stdout log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stdout_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stdout_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stdout logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stdout_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stdout writes (default false)
;stdout_syslog=false ; send stdout to syslog with process name (default false)
;stderr_logfile=/a/path ; stderr log path, NONE for none; default AUTO
;stderr_logfile_maxbytes=1MB ; max # logfile bytes b4 rotation (default 50MB)
;stderr_logfile_backups=10 ; # of stderr logfile backups (0 means none, default 10)
;stderr_events_enabled=false ; emit events on stderr writes (default false)
;stderr_syslog=false ; send stderr to syslog with process name (default false)
;environment=A="1",B="2" ; process environment additions
;serverurl=AUTO ; override serverurl computation (childutils)

; The sample group section below shows all possible group values. Create one
; or more 'real' group: sections to create "heterogeneous" process groups.

;[group:thegroupname]
;programs=progname1,progname2 ; each refers to 'x' in [program:x] definitions
;priority=999 ; the relative start priority (default 999)

; The [include] section can just contain the "files" setting. This
; setting can list multiple files (separated by whitespace or
; newlines). It can also contain wildcards. The filenames are
; interpreted as relative to this file. Included files *cannot*
; include files themselves.

[include]
files = /www/server/panel/plugin/supervisor/profile/*.ini

  1. 守护进程配置文件:cd /www/server/panel/plugin/supervisor/profile/
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[program:2]
command=php think queue:work --daemon --tries 3
directory=/www/wwwroot/xxx/public
autorestart=true
startsecs=3
startretries=3
stdout_logfile=/www/server/panel/plugin/supervisor/log/2.out.log
stderr_logfile=/www/server/panel/plugin/supervisor/log/2.err.log
stdout_logfile_maxbytes=2MB
stderr_logfile_maxbytes=2MB
user=root
priority=999
numprocs=1
  1. 启动服务

四、参考

  1. 参考一

古之欲明明德于天下者,先治其国;欲治其国者,先齐其家;欲齐其家者,先修其身;欲修其身者,先正其心;欲正其心者,先诚其意;欲诚其意者,先致其知,致知在格物。物格而后知至,知至而后意诚,意诚而后心正,心正而后身修,身修而后家齐,家齐而后国治,国治而后天下平。–《礼记·大学》

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