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C语言实现OOP

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“古之欲明明德于天下者，先治其国；欲治其国者，先齐其家；欲齐其家者，先修其身；欲修其身者，先正其心；欲正其心者，先诚其意；欲诚其意者，先致其知，致知在格物。物格而后知至，知至而后意诚，意诚而后心正，心正而后身修，身修而后家齐，家齐而后国治，国治而后天下平。” – 《礼记·大学》

一、概念

  1. 封装：结构体
  2. 继承：嵌套结构体
  3. 多态：函数指针

二、实战

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

struct Animal{
    void (*talk)(void *p);
    char name[40];
    char country[40];
    int lifetime;
    char flag;
};

struct Bird{
    struct Animal an;
    int wing;
};

struct Mamal{
    struct Animal an;
    int id;
};

void talkAnimal(void *Animal){
    if (NULL == Animal) {
        return ;
    }
    struct Animal *p = (struct Animal *)Animal;
    printf("Animal talk!\n");
}

void talkBird(void *Bird){
    if (NULL == Bird) {
        return ;
    }
    struct Bird *p = (struct Bird *)Bird;
    printf("Bird talk!\n");
}

void talkMamal(void *Mamal){
    if (NULL == Mamal) {
        return ;
    }
    struct Mamal *p = (struct Mamal *)Mamal;
    printf("Mamal talk!\n");
}

void talk(void *Animal){
    if(NULL == Animal)
        return ;
    struct Animal *p = (struct Animal *)Animal;
    p->talk(Animal);
}

int main() {

    struct Animal a;
    struct Bird b;
    struct Mamal m;

    strcpy(a.name, "animal");
    strcpy(a.country, "world");
    a.lifetime = 10;
    a.flag = 'A';

    strcpy(b.an.name, "bird");
    strcpy(b.an.country, "world");
    b.an.lifetime = 30;
    b.an.flag = 'B';
    b.wing = 2;

    strcpy(m.an.name, "panda");
    strcpy(m.an.country, "china");
    m.an.lifetime = 30;
    m.an.flag = 'P';
    m.id = 101;

    printf("oop:\n");
    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c\n", a.name, a.country, a.lifetime, a.flag);
    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c\n\n", &a.name, &a.country, a.lifetime, a.flag);

    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c，wing：%d\n", b.an.name, b.an.country, b.an.lifetime, b.an.flag, b.wing);
    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c，wing：%d\n\n", &b.an.name, &b.an.country, b.an.lifetime, b.an.flag, b.wing);

    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c，ID：%d\n", m.an.name, m.an.country, m.an.lifetime, m.an.flag, m.id);
    printf("name：%s，country：%s，lifetime：%d，flag：%c，ID：%d\n\n", &m.an.name, &m.an.country, m.an.lifetime, m.an.flag, m.id);

    a.talk = talkAnimal;
    m.an.talk = talkMamal;
    b.an.talk = talkBird;

    talk(&a);
    talk(&m);
    talk(&b);

    return 0;
}

三、参考

  1. 参考一